Tailoring an ultra-efficient blood lead capture nano-badminton via hydrolysis-condensation control engineering

Asymmetric nano-badminton is capable of enhancing the biocompatibility and maturation of immune cells, which in turn enhances its biomedical applications. This approach, in turn, enhanced biomedical applications compared with asymmetric spheres. However, this oriented structure and function of such a targeted product has not been universally explored. Moreover, enhancing the hollow architecture of nano-badminton for multifunctionality applications, such as cargo loading, remains an uncharted territory in this domain. In this work, a facile and continuous synthesis strategy was reported for asymmetric hollow nano-badminton with favorable biocompatibility by hydrolysis-condensation control engineering, which is the mediating via the hydrolysis-condensation kinetics of silane coupling agents. Due to its hydrodynamic morphology and hollow structure, silica nano-badminton has superior biocompatibility, and excellent blood lead capture and removal capacity (as high as 79%), outperforming commercial activated carbon by nearly 45% and making it viable for clinical blood purification. Three independent cell-based assessments consistently showing preserved viability and negligible toxicity validate the clinical safety of silica nano-badminton. This study provides a novel reference for the fabrication of silica hollow nano-badminton for biomedical applications.