The application of polyacrylonitrile-nano silver-oregano oil electrospun fiber membrane in controlling microbial deterioration of Grotto cultural heritage

The study created an electrospun fiber membrane with polyacrylonitrile, nano silver, and oregano oil using the electrospinning technique. After examining the preparation parameters, an appropriate formula for the composite film spinning solution and electrospinning parameters were found: 11 wt percent polyacrylonitrile, 6 wt percent natural oregano essential oil, 15 kV of spinning voltage, 0.6 mL/h of advancing rate, and 20 cm of spinning distance. The composite nanofiber membrane demonstrated improved shape and structure, a more balanced antibacterial effect, and persistence against microbes when subjected to the prescribed formula and circumstances. In the end, the strong antimicrobial qualities of the nano-fiber material were validated by the Feilaifeng field testing. This study showed that when combined with natural plant essential oil, the composite nanofiber membrane has potential for use as a green microbial control material for Grottoes historic heritage. By preventing an intense direct contact between antimirobial agents and the cultural relics of the grottoes, the composite barrier reduced the potential harm that could be caused by the solution soaking into the rocks. Moreover, the composite nanofiber membrane provides the advantages of large-scale antibacterial activity from natural essential oil and long-lasting antimicrobial capabilities from nanosilver. It also has no effect on the cultural relics of the Grotto, is simple to remove, and leaves little trace.