Two-dimensional layered MoS2/lignin as additives for epoxy composites with improved mechanical and tribological properties

The MoS 2 /lignin hybrid material was successfully synthesized and incorporated into an epoxy resin to fabricate composite coatings. The results demonstrate that MoS 2 is uniformly attached to the surface of lignin sheets. Compared to adding lignin alone, the MoS 2 /lignin hybrid-epoxy resin (EP) composite coatings exhibited enhanced friction-reducing and wear-resistant properties. Specifically, the 1 wt% MoS 2 /lignin hybrid displayed excellent dispersion and high interfacial compatibility within the resin matrix, leading to a 66.7% increase in Vickers hardness, a 27.5% increase in tensile strength, and a 73.9% improvement in char yield. Furthermore, the friction coefficient and wear rate were reduced by 63.2% and 75.8%, respectively. As a uniformly dispersed hybrid structure, the MoS 2 /lignin material can endure higher loads, autonomously repair defects, and form a stable and complete transfer film on the worn surface, demonstrating synergistic friction-reducing and wear-resistant effects within the epoxy resin matrix. Integrating MoS 2 into a two-dimensional material can provide a practical reference for designing polymer-based hybrid materials with outstanding comprehensive properties. Highlights The MoS 2 /lignin hybrid material was successfully synthesized. MoS 2 is uniformly attached to the surface of lignin sheets. The hybrid significantly enhances friction-reducing and wear-resistant properties. Vickers hardness increased by 66.7%, and tensile strength increased by 27.5%. The friction coefficient was reduced by 63.2%, and the wear rate was reduced by 75.8%.