Ultra sensitive and low detection limitation non-enzymatic glucose biosensor based on heterojunction NiO@In2O3 hollow nanofibers

In recent years, metal oxides and their composites have been rapidly developed for non-enzymatic glucose sensors. Nevertheless, metal oxides exhibit relatively high electrical resistance, and their selectivity and signal-to-noise ratio for low-concentration glucose detection still require improvement. We here developed a NiO@In 2 O 3 hollow nanofibers-based glucose biosensor with excellent performance. The heterojunction of NiO@In 2 O 3 hollow nanofibers is obtained via a two-step process involving electrospinning and hydrothermal methods, respectively. The resulting sensor exhibits good activity as an electrocatalyst for the oxidation of glucose, with an ultralow limit of detection (LOD) of 2 nM and a good sensitivity of 1147 µA mM −1 cm −2 , in line with excellent long-term stability, reproducibility, and good selectivity. These high-performance sensor are validated by monitoring glucose levels in human saliva. It demonstrates that heterojunction of NiO@In 2 O 3 hollow nanofibers can be used as effective electrochemical sensing materials in practical biological applications.