Pyrolysis-derived hybrid Fe-MOF/Ti3C2Tx MXene conductive substrates with magnetic-electric coupling for enhanced microwave absorption performance

The integration of microscopic material designs and macroscopic structural layouts offers unlimited potential for developing advanced electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers. Herein, a pyrolysis-based strategy is reported for the hybridization of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanosheets to achieve relaxation processes and high-density magnetic coupling at the nanoscale. The stratified structure of Ti 3 C 2 T x /Fe-MOF considerably amplifies the active contact region with electromagnetic radiation, thereby inducing numerous reflection/scattering phenomena. Through pyrolytic transformation, derived nanoparticles including Fe, C, Fe 3 O 4 , and TiO 2 establish continuous metal–carbon and carbon-oxide interfaces below 50 nm. Consequently, the heterogeneous interfaces formed between these components establish a harmonious electromagnetic coupling network, where interfacial polarization from numerous heterojunctions promotes charge accumulation and relaxation processes, converting electromagnetic energy into thermal energy. Remarkably, findings indicate that this composite material demonstrates a minimum reflection loss (RL min ) of −47.05 dB when the thickness reaches 1.8 mm. Additionally, this investigation broadens the spectrum of design strategies for premium microwave absorption materials through systematic interface engineering and thermally-controlled phase conversion.