CoNi-MOF/PANI/RGO-based molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for the detection of bisphenol A

The current study aimed to present a molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensing platform for bisphenol A (BPA) detection by synergistically combining conductive RGO-PANI hybrids with porous CoNi-MOF. The RGO-PANI network facilitated electron transfer efficiency, while the porosity of CoNi-MOF enhanced molecular recognition capacity through expanded surface area and tailored recognition cavities. The conditions affecting the determination of BPA were also optimized. A linear increase of the current signal was observed in the concentration range of 1–500 nM BPA. The corresponding detection limit was calculated to be 0.36 nM. Selectivity tests showed good adsorption to BPA, which was attributed to the specificity of the MIP film. Practical validation recoveries of 95.12–103.18 % (RSD<3.6 %) were achieved in milk samples, demonstrating reliability in complex matrices. This study balanced sensitivity and cost-effectiveness compared to other sensors. This sensor provided a viable method for environmental and food safety monitoring.