Development of a near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent probe for the detection of ONOO− in ferroptosis model

Peroxynitrite (ONOO − ) is closely associated with several pathophysiological events due to its high oxidation and nitrification reactivity, which can cause irreparable damage to a variety of biomolecules when present in excess. Consequently, the development of a reliable ONOO − detection method is essential for understanding its role. Given the significant imaging advantages of ratiometric and near-infrared (NIR) probes, a ratiometric NIR fluorescence probe ( FYS ) was developed for the visual detection of ONOO − both in vitro and in vivo . Probe FYS offers several benefits, including a large fluorescence emission shift (184 nm), a low detection limit (0.75 μM), good selectivity, and rapid detection. Inspired by these outstanding characteristics, it has been successfully utilized for imaging endogenous and exogenous ONOO − in cells. More importantly, this probe could be used to monitor variations in ONOO − levels as ferroptosis progresses. We anticipate that this probe will be widely applied as a potent tool to investigate the biological function of ONOO − , thereby facilitating a deeper understanding of ferroptosis.