摘要
Freshwater scarcity poses a significant challenge to global sustainable development. Solar-driven interface evaporation (SDIE) technology has garnered attention for its environmental friendliness and low cost, but it faces bottlenecks such as material costs and salt crystallization clogging. In this work, natural wood (NW), a biomass material with renewable properties and high cost-effectiveness, was selected as the substrate material, and a thin polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogel layer was loaded on the wood channel structure through the modulation and design of the evaporator. Furthermore, hollow polypyrrole (PPy) nanotubes were introduced as a photothermal conversion material by the spraying technique to construct a hydrogel-wood composite solar evaporator (PWP). Based on the synergistic mechanism between the porous vertical channels of wood and the hydrogel layer, a dual driving force model of “bulk water-capillary force-osmotic pressure-vapor” is formed to optimize the water transport path. Moreover, the network structure formed by the hollow PPy nanotubes not only enhances light capture through multiple reflection mechanisms, but also reduces heat loss, achieving up to 97.8 % light absorption. With the dual driving force to optimize the water transfer path and combined with outstanding light trapping capability, the PWP evaporator realized excellent evaporation rate (2.31 kg m −2 h −1 ) and energy conversion efficiency (97.24 %) under one solar irradiation. Furthermore, PWP evaporator exhibited a remarkable capability to resist salt accumulation. Even after enduring a continuous evaporation process that lasted for 6 h within a 20 wt% NaCl solution, no observable salt crystal deposition was detected. Meanwhile, PWP evaporator have demonstrated the ability to operate stably in harsh environments, which opens up promising avenues for the advancement of cost-effective, high-performance wood-based evaporators.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）