摘要
To address global freshwater scarcity, developing a sustainable and efficient brackish/high salinity water desalination technology is crucial. Solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SIE) systems typically consist of a water-absorbing layer drawing water via capillary action to the interface and a photothermal conversion layer absorbing sunlight to heat the interface. Researchers have focused primarily on designing various photothermal materials to enhance heat generation and evaporation efficiency, while they often overlook the need for all-weather functionality, limiting further advancement of SIE systems. This study introduces a novel basalt fabric-based photo-electrothermal interfacial evaporator for all-weather efficient desalination, integrating photothermal and electrothermal effects to enhance evaporation rates and reduce reliance on sunlight. The basalt fabric is functionalized with polydopamine, carbon nanotubes, and polypyrrole to improve its photothermal properties, and stainless steel mesh 304 is used as an electrothermal layer. Under simulated sunlight (1 sun) and 1.5 V in the laboratory, the evaporation rate of actual brackish water can reach 4.43 kg m −2 h −1 ; under real sunlight and 1.5 V outdoors, the evaporation rate can reach up to 6.37 kg m −2 h −1 . Additionally, due to the well-designed multilayer structure with Janus hydrophilicity gradient distribution, the evaporator exhibits excellent salt resistance and long-term stability, maintaining a daytime evaporation rate above 2.17 kg m −2 h −1 during 120-hour continuous operation without any intervention. The purified water meets the drinking water standards set by the WHO, with significant reductions in ion concentrations and chemical oxygen demand. This study provides a promising approach for efficient and sustainable brackish water purification, offering potential applications in water-scarce regions.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）