Triple-Modal Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay for Multi-Scenario Detection of Acetamiprid Residues

The detection of acetamiprid residues is crucial due to its extensive agricultural use and potential health and environmental risks. Traditional methods, hindered by complexity, time consumption, and reliance on advanced equipment, fail to meet the demand for rapid, on-site detection, which is essential for ensuring Chinese herbal medicine safety and regulatory compliance. In this work, we present a triple-modal fluorescence immunochromatographic assay for multi-scenario detection of acetamiprid. Our work pioneers a triple-modal fluorescence immunochromatographic assay (FICA) integrating. The visual screening limit of detection (LOD) of 50.0 ng/mL for acetamiprid on-site assessment during harvesting have been achieved (Mode 1). The cross-scenario detection ranges spanning 5 orders of magnitude (0.1-1000 ng/mL) with LOD of 0.014 ng/mL have been realized via the developed portable immunoanalyzer quantification for regulatory inspection (Mode 2). The smartphone-based quantification detection (Mode 3) enabling consumer self-testing has displayed a good linear relationship towards acetamiprid in the range of 10-1000 ng/mL with LOD of 1.0 ng/mL. Validated in real samples matrices with recovery rates of 87.2-109.3% (RSD <5.0%), the proposed triple-modal fluorescence immunochromatographic assay has an acceptable recovery rate and stability in determination of acetamiprid in real samples. This study introduces the first integrated triple-modal fluorescence immunochromatographic assay platform, offering an effective detection tool compatible with diverse application scenarios across the traditional Chinese herbal medicine supply chain.