The enhanced n-butanol gas sensing properties based on perovskite-type ZnSnO3 nanoflowers

N-butanol is a volatile organic compound (VOC) that is harmful to human health, and the development of gas sensors for n-butanol vapor detection is necessary. In this work, the nanoflowers-like ZnSnO 3 was synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal route followed by an annealing process. The results revealed that optimizing the hydrothermal time to 12 h resulted in ZnSnO 3 -2 exhibiting the highest gas response (40.48) towards 100 ppm n-butanol at 275°C, boasting a detection limit of 500 ppb. Furthermore, ZnSnO 3 -2 exhibits excellent gas selectivity and long-term stability. The improved sensing performance of ZnSnO 3 -2 was attributed to its large specific surface area and abundant oxygen vacancies. Additionally, the gas sensing mechanism for enhancing n-butanol detection was comprehensively analyzed. These results highlight the potential of nanoflower-like ZnSnO 3 as a promising candidate for n-butanol gas sensing material, offering both high sensitivity and selectivity. Moreover, this research provides valuable guidance for the development and optimization of gas sensing materials for applications in environmental monitoring and industrial safety.