Rational design of Ca3HfSi2O9:Ce3+, Tb3+ dual-mode luminescence thermometer: uniting high sensitivity, outstanding signal resolution and detectable emission

The continuous progress in the development of luminescence thermometers highlights the importance of achieving high sensitivity, excellent signal resolution, and detectable emission. To tackle these challenges, the dual-emitting luminescence thermometer Ca 3 HfSi 2 O 9 :Ce 3+ , Tb 3+ was successfully designed and synthesized through a systematic approach. The crystal structure, electronic structure, luminescence properties, and thermoluminescence behavior of Ca 3 HfSi 2 O 9 singly doped with Ce 3+ or Tb 3+ , as well as co-doped with both Ce 3+ and Tb 3+ , were systematically investigated. Ca 3 HfSi 2 O 9 :Ce 3+ , Tb 3+ achieves exceptional signal resolution by leveraging the substantial energy gap (>4364 cm −1 ) between the blue light emission of Ce 3+ and the green light emission of Tb 3+ . A high relative sensitivity ranging from 1.2 %@298 K to 0.2 %@473 K is attained by exploiting the distinct temperature responses of Ce 3+ and Tb 3+ . Additionally, the weak absorption of Tb 3+ is compensated for through the sensitization effect of Ce 3+ on Tb 3+ , enabling detectable emissions under high-temperature conditions. To demonstrate its practical applicability, the luminescence thermometer was encapsulated with epoxy resin to simulate chip temperature detection, achieving a temperature error of less than 1.5 % at 448 K.