A Nd@C82-polymer interface for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

A critical challenge in the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is the simultaneous attainment of high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and high stability. Employing polymers interfaces in PSCs can enhance durability by blocking water and oxygen, and by suppressing ions interdiffusion, but their electronic shielding poses a challenge for efficient and stable PSCs 1–3 . In this study, we report a magnetic endohedral metallofullerene Nd@C 82 -polymer coupling layer, which features ultra-fast electron extraction and in-situ encapsulation, thereby promoting homogeneous electron extraction and suppressing ions interdiffusion. The Nd@C 82 -polymer coupling layer in PSCs exhibited PCE of 26.78% (certified 26.29%) and 23.08% with an aperture area of 0.08 square centimetres and 16 square centimetres (modules), respectively. The unencapsulated devices retained ~82% of the initial PCE after 2,500 hours of continuous 1-sun maximum power point operation at 65 °C.