Self-Powered Multi-Functional Sensor System Based on Pomegranate-Inspired Composites for Advanced Cardiovascular Disease Prediction and Diagnosis Within an Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Framework

Wearable medical devices are gaining significant attention for their potential in intelligent health monitoring, particularly in response to the needs of an aging global population. However, conventional systems often suffer from limitations in power supply, mechanical adaptability, and real-time diagnostic capabilities. In this work, a flexible, self-powered intelligent sensing system is reported, based on a carbon cloth substrate modified with a pomegranate-inspired Polyaniline-Prussian blue (CC@PANI-PB) composite. This multifunctional composite simultaneously serves as a high-performance cathode material for lithium-oxygen (Li-O₂) batteries and as an active sensing layer for pressure and ECG signal acquisition. The unique microstructured morphology and optimized interfacial interactions enable both high energy output and ultrasensitive tactile sensing. The resulting sensor exhibits a wide detection range (30–100 000 Pa), exceptional mechanical durability (over 9000 cycles), and ultrahigh sensitivity (S max = 4.16 × 10⁷ kPa⁻¹). Integrated with a Li-O₂ energy unit and signal processing module, the system enables continuous pulse signal acquisition and ECG classification, achieving a disease prediction accuracy of 95.90% and ECG classification accuracy of 93.75%. This integrated platform demonstrates strong potential for next-generation wearable healthcare systems, combining real-time sensing, energy autonomy, and intelligent diagnosis within a unified framework.