Unlocking the Catalytic Potential of Platinum Single Atoms for Industry-Level Current Density Chlorine Tolerance Hydrogen Generation

Immobilizing platinum (Pt) single atoms on appropriate supports with optimized coordination environments and electronic structures is a promising strategy to address the problem of chlorine corrosion during seawater electrolysis. Herein, Pt single atoms on nickel-vanadium layered double hydroxides (Pt-SA/NiV-LDH) matrix are fabricated for chlorine tolerance hydrogen generation. Due to the strong synergetic electronic interaction between atomically dispersed Pt and the ultrathin NiV LDH matrix, the adsorption/dissociation feature of *H 2 O, *OH, and *H are optimized as evidenced theoretically. The as-fabricated Pt-SA/NiV-LDH electrode exhibits an exceptional mass activity (i.e., 30.98 times higher) compared to the commercial Pt/C, along with an ultra-high turnover frequency (TOF) value of 9.90 s −1 in alkaline media. Impressively, only 207 mV overpotential is required to yield a current density of 2000 mA cm ‒2 in an electrolyte solution containing 1 m KOH and 2 M NaCl, indicating its robust resistance to chlorine. Moreover, this kind of material demonstrates remarkably low overpotentials of 130 and 215 mV to attain the industrial-scale current densities of 1000 and 2000 mA cm −2 in alkaline seawater, accompanied by exceptional stability for 500 h working at 500 mA cm −2 . This work provides an insightful reference for the production of sustainable green hydrogen through seawater electrolysis.