Direct electrospinning for producing multiple activity nanofibers consisting of aggregated luteolin/hydroxypropyl-gamma-cyclodextrin inclusion complex

Hydroxypropyl-gamma-cyclodextrin (HP γ CD) inclusion complex nanofibers (Lut/HP γ CD-IC-NF) containing Luteolin (Lut) were prepared by electrospinning technology. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra confirmed the formation of Lut/HP γ CD-IC-NF. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the morphology of Lut/HP γ CD-IC-NF was uniform and bead-free, suggesting that self-assembled aggregates, macromolecules with higher molecular weights , were formed by strong hydrogen bonding interactions between the cyclodextrin inclusion complexes. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images showed that Lut was distributed in Lut/HP γ CD-IC-NF. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) spectroscopy revealed the change in chemical shift of the proton peak between Lut and HP γ CD, confirming the formation of inclusion complex. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) proved that Lut/HP γ CD-IC-NF had good thermal stability . The phase solubility test confirmed that HP γ CD had a solubilizing effect on Lut . When the solubility of HP γ CD reached 10 mM, the solubility of Lut increased by 15-fold. The drug loading test showed that the content of Lut in fibers reached 8.57 ± 0.02 %. The rapid dissolution experiment showed that Lut/HP γ CD-IC-NF dissolved within 3 s. The molecular simulation provides three-dimensional evidence for the formation of inclusion complexes between Lut and HP γ CD. Antibacterial experiments showed that Lut/HP γ CD-IC-NF had enhanced antibacterial activity against S. aureus . Lut/HP γ CD-IC-NF exhibited excellent antioxidant properties with a free radical scavenging ability of 89.5 ± 1.1 %. In vitro release experiments showed Lut/HP γ CD-IC-NF had a higher release amount of Lut. In conclusion, Lut/HP γ CD-IC-NF improved the physicochemical properties and bioavailability of Lut, providing potential applications of Lut in the pharmaceutical field.