Biomimetic nanoparticles co-deliver hirudin and lumbrukinase to ameliorate thrombus and inflammation for atherosclerosis therapy

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a progressive inflammatory disease, and thrombosis most probably leads to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality globally. Thrombolytic drugs alone cannot completely prevent thrombotic events, and treatments targeting thrombosis also need to regulate the inflammatory process. Based on the pathological process of AS dynamic development, biomimetic thrombus-targeted nanoparticles HMTL@PM were prepared. Hirudin and lumbrukinase, the effective substances of traditional Chinese medicine, were self-assembled under the action of tannic acid and Mn 2+ . HMTL@PM dissociated in the weakly acidic microenvironment of atherosclerosis and exhibited an excellent therapeutic effect of alleviating inflammation, dissolving thrombus, anticoagulation, and promoting cholesterol efflux. HMTL@PM effectively regulated the progression of AS and provided a new perspective for the development of drug delivery systems for AS therapy, which owned important research significance for reducing the mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.