A Zn-incorporated PCN-224 combined with smartphone-based colorimetric/fluorescence sensing platform for simultaneous detection of profenofos and glyphosate in traditional Chinese medicinal herbs

Excess residues of organophosphorus pesticides in traditional Chinese medicinal herbs has been driving the development of rapid and specific detection methods. Herein, a dual-mode sensing platform was established for the simultaneous determination of glyphosate and profenofos using the colorimetric and fluorescence sensors, respectively. A Zn-incorporated porous coordination network-224 (PCN-224) was prepared to selectively adsorb glyphosate based on the coordination effect of Zr and phosphate ion, which would inhibit the peroxidase-like activity of PCN-224(Zn). An aptamer-modified nitrogen-carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) was used to specifically recognize profenofos, further adopting the quenching effect of PCN-224(Zn) towards N-CQDs to realize the quantitative analysis. The colorimetric sensing mechanism was also studied. Coupled with a smartphone application, the established method exhibited the linearity of 0.06–3.1 μg mL −1 (glyphosate), and 0.02–3.9 μg mL −1 (profenofos). The matrix effect was 100.58 % and 95.46 % in Angelica sinensis and Codonopsis , presenting a new horizon for the multi-model sensor in real samples.