Multifunctional “four-in-one” effervescent tablet-assisted one step microextraction combined with ICP-OES for determination of lead in Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit

Developing a fast, simple, and efficient sample pretreatment method is of great practical significance for the analysis of complex matrix samples. In this study, a novel multifunctional “four-in-one” effervescent tablet based on switchable hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (SHDES) was prepared, which can simultaneously facilitate the in situ synthesis of SHDES and CO 2 generation, phase transition, and phase separation. The effervescent tablet based on the SHDES-assisted microextraction (ETA-SHDES-ME) technique was combined with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) for the determination of Pb 2+ in Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. The important parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of Pb 2+ were optimized using the Box-Behnken design (BBD). The enrichment factor (EF) and limit of detection (LOD) of the established method for Pb 2+ are 31 and 0.2 μg/L, respectively, offering a fast, simple, and eco-friendly approach, and has the application potential of field analysis.