Piezoelectric-induced piezo ionic effect enabling high-performance flexible sensors and batteries for intelligent target shooting training

Flexible wearable electronic devices function as pivotal interfaces for environmental interaction, yet their widespread application encounters formidable bottlenecks due to limited energy supply and multifunctionality. Herein, the piezo-ionic effect has been innovatively applied to polyacrylamide (PAM)/polyvinylidene fluoride UiO-66 MOF(PPM) composite membranes for multifunctional sensing in stress monitoring and optical response, as well as dendrite-free flexible zinc-ion batteries. Exploiting the piezoelectric-induced piezo-ionic effect, the sensor achieves remarkable performance with ultra-fast response/recovery times (10 ms/18 ms) and an impressive maximum electrical output of 23.64 μA. The high-performance sensing mechanism has been confirmed through finite element simulations. Furthermore, the polarized electric field of the fiber instigates ion deposition, enabling the composite membrane to be utilized in zinc-ion batteries for the first time, effectively inhibiting zinc dendrite formation. Consequently, the flexible battery exhibits a symmetrical cycle of up to 2000 h and maintains a stable high capacity of 150 mAhg −1 . Additionally, the multifunctional sensing system constructed with composite membrane is applied to monitor light responses, facial expressions, and motion, while also providing intelligent guidance for multi-scene-target accuracy exercises with an accuracy exceeding 94 %. The composite membrane stands as a promising material with substantial potential to propel significant advancements in the development of flexible electronic devices.