Synergistic Zn-Cd Bimetallic Engineering in ZIFs for High-Chloride 2e− ORR to H2O2 in Simulated Neutral Seawater

Marine biofouling causes significant economic losses, and conventional antifouling methods are often associated with environmental pollution. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as a clean energy source, has gained increasing attention in recent years. Meanwhile, electrocatalytic 2e−oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for H2O2production has received growing interest. However, the majority of current studies are conducted on acidic or alkaline electrolytes, and research on 2e−ORR in neutral NaCl solutions remains rare. Here, a bimetallic Zn-Cd zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZnCd-ZIF) is rationally designed to achieve chloride-resistant 2e−ORR catalysis under simulated seawater conditions (pH 7.5, 3.5% Cl−). Experimental results demonstrate that the ZnCd-ZIF catalyst exhibits an exceptional H2O2selectivity of 70% at 0.3 VRHE, surpassing monometallic Zn-ZIF (60%) and Cd-ZIF (50%). Notably, H2O2production reaches 120 mmol g−1in a Cl−-containing neutral electrolyte, exhibiting strong resistance to structural corrosion and Cl−poisoning. This work not only pioneers an effective strategy for designing ORR catalysts adapted to marine environments but also advances the practical implementation of seawater-based electrochemical H2O2synthesis.