Ultra-high stretchable, self-adhesive, and self-healable luminescent organogels with excellent anti-freezing and anti-fatigue performances for wearable sensors

Ionic conductive organogels with multifunctional capabilities have emerged as promising materials for the development of flexible and wearable ionotronic devices. However, traditional conductive organogels are often hindered by inadequate mechanical properties and complex fabrication processes. Herein, we developed multifunctional stretchable organogels with micro-phase-separated structure by one-step photopolymerization of 3-dimethyl (methacryloyloxyethyl) ammonium propane sulfonate (DMAPS) and 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (VBIMBF 4 ) monomers in glycerol. The bicontinuous phase-separated structures with electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds endow the resulting organogels with ultra-high stretchability, strong adhesion, rapid self-healability, excellent anti-freezing and anti-fatigue properties. Additionally, due to the crosslink-enhanced emission (CEE) effect of ionic-bonding and hydrogen-mediated interactions, these organogels exhibit unique multiple photoluminescent properties. Consequently, the developed organogels serve as highly stretchable ionic conductors suitable for wearable sensors, facilitating real-time human motion detection even at extreme low temperatures (−40 °C). The innovative characteristics of these ultra-stretchable and rapidly self-healable organogels, along with their unique photoluminescent properties, present significant opportunities for applications in wearable strain sensing within challenging environmental conditions.