Multilayered cellulose nanofiber/MXene-based dual-mode sensor for monitoring sleep quality and respiratory disorders

Real-time respiratory monitoring is pivotal for assessing sleep-related disorders, yet conventional single-modal sensors face critical limitations in reliability under complex physiological conditions. Herein, we present a biomimetic dual-modal platform synergizing a pressure-sensitive aerogel (TCMA) and humidity-responsive film (TCMF), both engineered from TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNF) and MXene composites. The three-dimensional porous TCMA achieves graded pressure sensitivity (867.98 kPa −1 ) through dynamically tunable MXene-TOCNF contact networks, while the brick-and-mortar TCMF exhibits humidity-dependent interlayer expansion with rapid recovery (39 s). Cross-validated detection of thoracic-abdominal movements and nasal airflow patterns resolves single-sensor limitations, enabling reliable detection of simulated apnea events. Integrated with a wireless system, the ultralight platform (<0.003 g/cm 3 ) maintains 1000 cycles stability and conformal skin contact for prolonged sleep monitoring. Inspired by the hierarchical microstructure of natural softwood, this design bridges nanoscale material intelligence with clinical diagnostics, offering a sustainable, scalable solution through eco-conscious cellulose utilization, and setting new standards for multimodal wearable sensors in respiratory health management.