Fabrication of TiO2/MXene@nitrogen-doped carbon hollow spheres for electromagnetic wave absorption

Electromagnetic pollution, driven by the proliferation of high-frequency electronic gadgets, presents substantial threats to human health and environment. Electromagnetic wave absorption (EMA) materials are critical for mitigating these effect. MXene, a two-dimensional material with high conductivity, shows promise but often suffers from reflection due to poor impedance matching. Herein, we propose an efficient MXene-based composite material composed of N-doped carbon-coated TiO 2 on MXene hollow spheres (TiO 2 /M@NC). The TiO 2 /M@NC composite exhibits a remarkable minimum reflection loss of −43.4 dB at 2.25 mm thickness and an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.64 GHz at 2.00 mm thickness, outperforming many reported MXene composites. Experimental results demonstrate that the hollow structure and abundant interfaces enhance dielectric loss and impedance matching, synergistically optimizing electromagnetic wave absorption. This work provides a promising approach for the development of advanced EMA materials with superior absorption performance.