Renewable bamboo-based composites for electromagnetic and thermal applications

To increase the added value of sliced bamboo veneer, this study employs sliced bamboo veneer as a raw material to successfully fabricate magnetic bamboo-based composites using chemical co-precipitation and one-step pyrolysis methods. The microstructure, composition, and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of the prepared composites were systematically investigated. By optimizing the synthesis conditions, Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles were uniformly embedded within the bamboo-derived carbon framework, forming synergistic interactions that enhanced both dielectric and magnetic loss. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed the stable presence of Fe 3 O 4 in the composite, significantly improving electromagnetic wave attenuation through interfacial polarization and resonance absorption. Electromagnetic parameter testing revealed that the prepared composites exhibited excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance within the 2–18 GHz frequency range, achieving an optimal reflection loss of −58.6 dB at 8.08 GHz and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 2.57 GHz. Simulation results demonstrated that MB-1.5 exhibited the highest electromagnetic attenuation capability. Compared to conventional carbon-based absorbers, this magnetic bamboo-based composite not only offers the advantages of lightweight structure and high absorption efficiency but also exhibits renewability and environmental friendliness. This study presents a novel and sustainable approach for the development of electromagnetic wave absorption materials.