Comparison of Polygonatum sibiricum Polysaccharides from Different Extraction Methods

Although our previous research has indicated that the ultrasound-assisted extraction–deep eutectic solvent method possessed the highest extraction yield forPolygonatum sibiricumPolysaccharide, it is uncertain whether thePolygonatum sibiricumPolysaccharide that was extracted by the ultrasound-assisted extraction–deep eutectic solvent method possesses the same performance as that extracted by other methods and whether separation and purification affect the performance ofPolygonatum sibiricumPolysaccharide. This paper aimed to compare the differences in performance among thePolygonatum sibiricumPolysaccharides extracted using different methods, including the ultrasound-assisted extraction–deep eutectic solvent method, which was the first method used by our team to extractPolygonatum sibiricumPolysaccharide. This paper also aimed to compare the differences inPolygonatum sibiricumPolysaccharides before and after they were separated and purified. The extraction yield, structural composition, and antioxidant activity ofPolygonatum sibiricumPolysaccharides were compared, respectively. The extraction yield (45.08%) obtained by the ultrasound-assisted extraction–deep eutectic solvent method was the highest (p< 0.05), the structural compositions ofPolygonatum sibiricumPolysaccharides extracted using different methods were similar, and the separated and purifiedPolygonatum sibiricumPolysaccharide was a neutral polysaccharide. The 2,2–diphenyl–1–picrylhydrazyl and 2,20–azino–bis (3–ethylbenzothiazoline–6–sulfoniacid) levels in thePolygonatum sibiricumPolysaccharide extracted by the ultrasound-assisted extraction–deep eutectic solvent method were significantly higher than those obtained using other methods (p< 0.05), and the antioxidant activity of thePolygonatum sibiricumPolysaccharide extracted by this method was significantly higher after it was separated and purified (p< 0.05). This study not only proved that the ultrasound-assisted extraction–deep eutectic solvent method could increase the extraction yield and keep the structural composition and antioxidant activity ofPolygonatum sibiricumPolysaccharide at the maximum levels but also confirmed that the extractedPolygonatum sibiricumPolysaccharide should not be further separated and purified, providing a potential technique to extractPolygonatum sibiricumPolysaccharide. This study will further promote the application ofPolygonatum sibiricumPolysaccharides in the health product industry.