Photodynamic bacterial inactivation by a ferulic acid-based hydrogen-bonded photoactive edible coating for fresh fruit preservation

Photodynamically active food packaging coatings utilizing green materials and strategies have recently garnered significant attention to address challenges in fresh fruit preservation. This study introduces a novel light-driven edible coating composed of ferulic acid (FA) cross-linked with gelatin (Gel/FA) to enhance fruit preservation. The coating was fabricated via hydrogen bonding between FA and gelatin, verified by SEM and FT-IR. Notably, the Gel/FA coating exhibited exceptional photodynamic antibacterial activity, achieving over 98.5 % inactivation of foodborne pathogens under visible light irradiation. Additionally, the Gel/FA coating demonstrated well biocompatibility and robust antioxidant properties. Preservation trials on fresh-cut apples and strawberries revealed that the Gel/FA coating significantly delayed browning, inhibited microbial spoilage, and maintained texture, total soluble solids, and pH stability during storage. The synergistic effect of Gel/FA coating and light treatment highlights its potential as a sustainable and effective strategy to extend the shelf life and preserve the quality of fresh fruits.