In vitro and in vivo anti-gastric cancer activities of polysaccharide from lotus seedpod, a food by-product

This study aimed at investigating the effects of lotus seedpod polysaccharide (LSP) against human gastric cancer AGS cells and N -methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced gastric cancer rats. Moreover, the mechanism of LSP against AGS cells was explored by transcriptome and western blot analyses. Results indicated that LSP inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of AGS cells, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, increased levels of Ca 2+ , ROS and TGF-β1, and decreased ΔΨ m and VEGF level. Moreover, LSP changed genes of AGS cells, especially downregulated the cell cycle pathway. CDC6, FZR1, CDC20, CDC27, MAD2L1, CDK1, CCNA2, ESPL1 and BUB1B were the hub targets for this pathway. LSP upregulated the protein expressions of FZR1 and CDC20, and downregulated the residual targets. Furthermore, LSP alleviated MNNG-induced gastric cancer in rats, and increased the levels of IgA and GSH in stomach. These findings indicate LSP possessed potential anti-gastric cancer activities, which supports the potential adjuvant application of LSP.