Near-white emission in Ba2Sc2B4O11: Bi3+, Eu3+ phosphors exhibiting magnetic and electric dipole transition variations

Bi 3+ and Eu 3+ co-doped Ba 2 Sc 2 B 4 O 11 phosphors with near-white emission were successfully synthesized via a conventional solid-state reaction route. This work systematically investigates the microstructure, band structure, photoluminescence, and chromaticity coordinates of Ba 2 Sc 2 B 4 O 11 phosphors doped individually with Bi 3+ or Eu 3+ , as well as co-doped with both ions. The Bi 3+ -doped phosphors exhibits cyan emission, while co-doping with Bi 3+ /Eu 3+ achieves near-white emission. Intriguingly, the relative intensities of Eu 3+ magnetic dipole ( 5 D 0 → 7 F 1 ) and electric dipole ( 5 D 0 → 7 F 2 ) transitions exhibit excitation-dependent behavior. Under 266 nm excitation, the magnetic dipole transition dominates, whereas the electric dipole transition prevails under 355 nm excitation. Furthermore, the relative sensitivity of the dual-emission centers (Bi 3+ and Eu 3+ ) was quantitatively analyzed. The results demonstrate that the Ba 2 Sc 2 B 4 O 11 : Bi 3+ , Eu 3+ phosphor exhibits promising sensing performance, suggesting its potential as a candidate for optical temperature sensing applications.