Construction of S-scheme high-entropy layered double hydroxides nanosheets/carbon nitrides nanotubes heterojunction for various pollutants removal by photocatalytic peroxymonosulfate activation

For achieving the broad-spectrum removal ability of g-C 3 N 4 materials for various contaminants, it is assessed as critical core by synchronously enhancing the solar absorption-conversion and PMS adsorption-activation process of g-C 3 N 4 materials. In this manuscript, S-scheme high-entropy FeMnCoNiCu-LDHs/self-assembly carbon nitride nanotubes (LDHs/SCN) heterojunction were established by mechanical-assisted ball milling, calcination, and hydrothermal method. Contributed to the synergistic effect of multi-metal elements in FeMnCoNiCu-LDHs materials, the photocatalytic PMS activation efficiency of LDHs/SCN composites is benefit from the efficient conversion of Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ , Mn 4+ /Mn 3+ , Co 3+ /Co 2+ , Ni 3+ /Ni 2+ , and Cu 2+ /Cu + redox cycles. So, under 0.1 mM PMS and visible light irradiation, the removal efficiency of bisphenol A (BPA), ciprofloxacin (CIP), 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), oxytetracycline (OTC), tetracyclines (TC), and sulfadiazine (SD) pollutants in LDHs/SCN-0.2/PMS/Light system reach to 91.1 %, 82.8 %, 94.7 %, 86.8 %, 91.4 % and 63.0 %, respectively. Furthermore, the enhancement mechanism of the photocatalytic PMS activation performance of LDHs/SCN-0.2/PMS/Light system has been elucidated through ESR, UPS, ROS quenching experiments, and band structure analysis. The LC-MS and T.E.S.T. software was successively employed for intermediates transformation pathways and bio-toxicity during BPA degradation. Consequently, this work lays a foundational basis for the design and construction of highly efficient S-scheme heterojunctions for advanced wastewater purification.