Hydrophilic-modified Al@polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene/h-BN nanofibrous membrane with Janus wettability for human thermal management

In the field of human thermal comfort management, the development of functional textiles plays a critical role in enhancing human health and energy efficiency. Although significant progress has been made in human thermal management textiles, the construction of radiative cooling textiles with superior wearing comfort remains a considerable challenge. In this work, we present a trilayer-structured fabric composed of an electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene/hexagonal boron nitride (PVDF-HFP/h-BN) nanofibrous membrane (NFM) as the underlying layer, a magnetron sputtered aluminum (Al) film as the intermediate layer, and a sprayed JF-6011 coating as the upper layer. The obtained composite JF-Al 20 @P/h-BN 7.5 NFM features a well-regulated micro-nano porous structure and distinctive optical properties, achieving a solar reflectance of 94.33 % and an atmospheric window emissivity of 92.63 %. Under a solar irradiance of approximately 950 W/m 2 , the skin simulator covered with the JF-Al 20 @P/h-BN 7.5 NFM showed temperature reductions of 13.5, 13.3, and 8 °C compared to those covered with commercial cotton, nylon, and polyester fabrics, respectively. Additionally, the composite NFM possesses unidirectional moisture transport capabilities while maintaining excellent air permeability (331.75 mm/s) and moisture vapor transmission rate (7.98 kg/m 2 /D). This study provides valuable insights into the design of thermally comfortable textiles for high-temperature environments.