Enhanced low-temperature performance of LiFePO4 cathode via large-scale production of reduced graphene oxide-based ternary point-line-plane conductive network

A gradient thermal reduction approach was employed to facilitate the large-scale production of high-quality, cost-effective reduced graphene oxide (RGO). The RGO was then combined with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon black (Super-P) to form a ternary conductive additive system for LiFePO 4 (LFP)-based lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This type of composite significantly enhanced the electrochemical performance of the LIBs. By incorporating RGO along with CNTs and Super-P, a three-dimensional (3D) "point–line–plane" conductive network was successfully constructed. This structure efficiently reduced the charge transfer resistance (Rct = 37.99 Ω) and enhanced the Li + diffusion coefficient (D = 7.78 × 10 –13 cm 2  s −1 ). The optimized cathode exhibited remarkable discharge capacity of 163.3 mAh g⁻ 1 at 0.1C under room temperature and 95 mAh g⁻ 1 at 6C. Moreover, it maintained a high capacity retention rate of 99.6% after 100 cycles at -15 °C and 0.3C. This work provides a practical strategy for utilizing large-scale production of RGO for developing high-performance LIBs. Graphical