Synergistic bimetallic phosphides and graphene enhancement NiFeP/C@rGO composites as high-performance anode for lithium-ion batteries

s The practical application of transition metal phosphides (TMPs) in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has been severely hindered, primarily due to slow reaction kinetics and significant volume changes. While optimizing nanostructures could mitigate these issues, it remains a considerable challenge. Herein, NiFeP/C@rGO composites were synthesized through a multi-step protocol, involving coprecipitation, electrostatic self-assembly, and low-temperature phosphatization. The composites feature reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-coated nano-cubic frameworks derived from Prussian blue analogues (Ni/Fe-PBA), where the rGO carbon layer serves dual functions: effectively buffering volume expansion during charge/discharge cycles and enhancing overall electrical conductivity. Furthermore, the bimetallic heterostructure synergistically optimizes electrochemical performance. Remarkably, the optimized NiFeP/C@rGO-21 electrode demonstrates outstanding cycling stability, maintaining a specific capacity of 530.4 mAh g −1 after 300 cycles at a high current density of 1000 mA g −1 .