Protective effects of polysaccharide-integrated nano-formulated berberine on cardiomyocytes under Ischemic conditions

Myocardial infarction (MI) remains a leading cause of mortality, primarily due to ischemia/reperfusion injury and the limited regenerative capacity of cardiomyocytes. To overcome the limitations of free berberine (BBR)—such as low bioavailability, poor myocardial targeting, and rapid systemic clearance—we developed a multifunctional nanoplatform (1-CS@Zn-CPs@BBR) integrating chitosan, Zn(II)-based coordination polymers, and BBR. The design rationale was guided by recent advances in nanocarrier engineering and supported by literature evidence highlighting the importance of responsive delivery and biointerface stability under oxidative conditions. The constructed system demonstrates dual pH/ROS-responsive release, favorable electrochemical properties for real-time monitoring, and excellent biocompatibility. In vitro studies confirmed enhanced cardioprotective efficacy compared with free BBR, indicating improved delivery precision and cellular protection. Collectively, this work provides a well-supported and literature-informed strategy for integrating targeted delivery and electrochemical monitoring into a single nanoplatform, representing a promising and efficient alternative to conventional therapeutic approaches for myocardial injury.