Antibacterial and pro-angiogenic SIS-based bio-patches with poly(tannic acid) and magnesium facilitating abdominal wall repair

Abdominal wall injury is a common and challenging clinical condition, typically caused by trauma, surgical intervention, or congenital abnormalities. Traditional treatments face significant limitations in preventing infections and promoting tissue integration, highlighting the urgent need for innovative repair materials. In this study, we reported a composite bio-patch based on the decellularized extracellular matrix of small intestinal submucosa (SIS), surface-coated with poly(tannic acid) (PTA) and magnesium ions (Mg 2+ ), which imparted the bio-patch with strong antibacterial properties, enhanced angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration (named as SIS/PTA/Mg). Through in vitro cell assays, antibacterial assays, and rat abdominal wall defect animal model, the SIS/PTA/Mg bio-patch exhibited excellent bacterial resistance (∼98% antibacterial efficiency), favorable biocompatibility, and remarkable repair efficacy (3.83-fold to the commercial mesh). Meanwhile, the SIS/PTA/Mg bio-patch effectively prevented post-operative infections, significantly facilitated angiogenesis, and accelerated tissue regeneration, indicating this SIS/PTA/Mg composite bio-patch as an innovative and clinically promising solution for the treatment of abdominal wall injuries.