Superefficient PM0.3 filtration and high-selectivity CO2 adsorption by MOF-activated poly(lactic acid) nanofibers

Biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanofibrous membranes (NFMs) alleviate plastic pollution and attract attention in particulate matter (PM) filtration. However, they lack gas selectivity, and their poor electroactivity coupled with rapid charge dissipation leads to unstable PM filtration efficiency, which hampers their further development. Herein, we employed a microwave-assisted method to fabricate high-selectivity active nanocrystals (HSANs), and integrated them into PLA NFMs via a combined electrospinning-electrospray strategy, yielding HSA-PLA NFMs with a hierarchical porous structure. With uniform HSANs anchoring (3, 6 and 9 wt%), the obtained HSA-PLA NFMs showed increased surface potential (up to 8.3 kV), dielectric constant (1.71) and porosity (95.6 %). They exhibited excellent CO 2 adsorption and HSA-PLA9 reached 1.9 mmol·g −1 at 273.15 K/1.0 bar. Its CO 2 /N 2 selectivity was confirmed by IAST/breakthrough tests and the mechanism analyzed via three isothermal models. Moreover, endowed with pronounced activity and optimized morphology, HSA-PLA NFMs exhibited PM 2.5 and PM 0.3 filtration efficiencies of 99.7 % and 99.3 % at 85 L/min, remarkably outperforming Pure PLA (only 84.9 % and 83.9 %). This strategy integrates CO 2 adsorption and PM filtration, thereby facilitating the development of eco-friendly multifunctional permselective membranes for simultaneous purification.