Moringa oleifera ameliorates streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia in T2DM rats via gut microbiota

Moringa oleifera have been widely consumed in China and African countries to treat DM. This study investigated the arresting hypoglycemic effects of Moringa oleifera leaves extracts (MOLE) on T2DM via the gut microbiota pathway. The results displayed that MOLE treatment for 30 days significantly improved the plasma FBG and lipids (TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C) levels in T2DM rats in a dose-dependent manner ( p  < 0.05, p  < 0.01), respectively. Also, MOLE treatment increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and decreased the abundance of Firmicutes, and dramatically increased the contents of the acetic acid, propionic acid, and total SCFAs in the feces of T2DM rats ( p  < 0.05, p  < 0.01), respectively. KEGG signaling pathway further suggested that MOLE strongly participated in the carbohydrate metabolism in T2DM rats. This work indicates the noteworthy improvement of MOLE on metabolic disorders in T2DM rats via the regulation of gut microbiota and SCFAs.