A semi-interpenetrating network and dynamic key synergistic enhanced MXene-based skin sensor for long-term health monitoring and human-computer interaction sensing

Conductive organohydrogels based on MXene have shown great potential in the domain of wearable healthcare applications. Nevertheless, traditional hydrogels encounter significant challenges related to instability and inadequate adhesion, which hinder the development of hydrogels for the long-term and reliable recording of weak electrophysiological signals. Thus, in this study, we introduced a novel conductive organohydrogel composite by integrating tannic acid (TA)-modified MXene (MXene@TA) into polyacrylamide (PAM) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) networks. MXene@TA significantly enhanced its stability and the incorporation of glycerol into the system led to the organohydrogel's remarkable water retention and anti-freezing properties. The results demonstrated that the organohydrogels exhibited high elongation at break (1800 %), excellent toughness (275 kJ m −3 ), self-adhesion, frost resistance, and long-term water retention. The high sensitivity (GFmax = 15.6) of this organohydrogel composite over a wide strain range (0–1000 %) allowed for the detection of a wide range of body movements and the high degree of adherence conformity and the exceptionally low interfacial impedance allowed for the accurate long-term monitoring of subtle electrophysiological signals, such as electromyography and electrocardiography, among others. This study proposed a comprehensive methodology for the development of long-term stable MXene-based organohydrogels as a class of flexible electronic devices.