Antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities of norfloxacin-kaempferol drug cocrystal hydrate

Drug cocrystal can not only improve the physicochemical properties of drugs but also exert a synergistic effect without altering the original structure of drugs. Herein, we successfully synthesized a norfloxacin-kaempferol cocrystal hydrate (cocrystal 1 ) from an antibacterial drug and a flavonoid active ingredient. Compared with norfloxacin or kaempferol alone, cocrystal 1 enhanced antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria ( S. aureus ), Gram-negative bacteria ( K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa ), and fungus ( C. albicans ). Meanwhile, cocrystal 1 enhanced the antioxidant activity of kaempferol and also improved the solubility of norfloxacin and kaempferol. Moreover, cocrystal 1 enhanced the anticancer activity against human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231, colon cancer cells SW480 and lung cancer cells H1299.