Laser-induced Graphene Electrochemical Sensor Based on Aramid Nanofiber for the Detection of Cd2+ in Water

Accurate and rapid on-site detection of cadmium (Ⅱ) ions (Cd 2+ ) in environment is crucial for protecting ecological environment and human health. This study developed an electrochemical sensor for Cd 2+ detection, based on a laser-induced aramid nanofiber (ANF) film for the in-situ generation of three-dimensional porous graphene. This ANF-based graphene, obtained through precise control of two-step laser process using 450 nm laser, exhibits enhanced graphitization, a denser structure, and superior electrochemical properties. On the basic of laser-induced graphene (LIG) technology, the resulting electrochemical sensor demonstrated excellent performance in detecting trace Cd 2+ . The sensor showed a linear detection range of 1.0–100.0 μg L −1 and a detection limit of 0.37 μg L −1 for Cd 2+ (S/N = 3), along with good stability and reproducibility. Furthermore, when applied to the detection of Cd 2+ in actual lake water samples, the sensor exhibited satisfactory recovery rates ranging from 95.21% to 98.24%. These results demonstrate the successful fabrication of a portable, highly sensitive LIG electrochemical sensor based on ANF. The resulting sensor exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, enabling high sensitivity for Cd 2+ detection. Beyond its analytical capabilities, this work signifies a notable advancement in LIG preparation methods using ANF. This innovative approach provides a novel pathway for developing high-performance and on-site detection devices.