Construction of Fe3+-tea polyphenols-amino acids co-coordination system for preparation of flame retardant, antibacterial and UV-resistant Lyocell fabric

Triggered by heightened public safety concerns and the imperative of sustainable chemistry, an urgent demand has emerged for the development of eco-friendly and durable flame retardant Lyocell fibers. However, reconciling high flame retardancy, washing durability, mechanical strength, and formaldehyde-free processing within an environmentally benign and feasible approach remains a significant challenge. To address the issue, a novel co-coordination system of biomass tea polyphenols, L-lysine and Fe 3+ , cooperating with covalent linking of 3-epoxypropyl trimethoxysilane was constructed. Compared with Lyocell fabric, the treated Lyocell fabric exhibited substantial reductions of 70.35% for total heat release (THR) and 61.82% for peak heat release rate (PHRR), alongside a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 26.8% even after 50 laundering cycles. Meanwhile, the modified fabric had excellent UV resistance, antibacterial and hydrophobic properties. Encouragingly, the proposed modification process basically retained the high mechanical properties of the Lyocell fabrics, providing a sustainable, green route toward multifunctional, durable Lyocell textiles for protective and technical apparel applications.