Interface engineering v2o5@pani nanotube for high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries

Aqueous Zn-ion batteries offer safe and cost-effective energy storage, yet their energy density requires improvement. While vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) possesses attractive redox activity, its practical implementation is hindered by structural instability and limited cycling performance. designed core–shell V 2 O 5 @PANI nanotubes through in situ polymerization to enhance Zn 2+ diffusion and structural resilience. This design improves interfacial charge transfer and stabilizes the host framework during Zn 2+ insertion/extraction. This architecture facilitates interfacial charge transfer and stabilizes the host framework during cycling. The optimized cathode achieves a high capacity of 462.4 mAh g -1 at 0.5 A g -1 with 96.5% capacity retention over 500 cycles. This work demonstrates a synergistic combination of nanostructural control and interfacial engineering, providing a generalizable materials design strategy for advanced electrochemical energy storage systems.