摘要
To explore the effects of a collagen-binding domains-bone morphogenetic protein 2 (CBD-BMP-2) scaffold on repairing cartilage defects. A chitosan-collagen scaffold was prepared and its physicochemical properties were evaluated. A plasmid encoding the CBD and BMP-2 was constructed, a CBD-BMP-2 composite scaffold was prepared, and the controlled release of BMP-2 was assessed in vitro. Knee cartilage defect model rabbits were divided into the control, CBD, and CBD-BMP-2 groups ( n = 9). Gross observation, MRI, staining, and IHC were performed to evaluate the cartilage repair outcomes. CBD-BMP-2 composite scaffold provided sufficient support and promoting cell attachment and proliferation. It consistently released BMP-2 for over 30 days in vitro. It significantly enhanced cartilage regeneration and repair. After surgery, cartilage growth in the CBD-BMP-2 group was superior to the control and CBD groups. The CBD-BMP-2 group demonstrated better coverage of new cartilage tissue. In the CBD-BMP-2 group, new cartilage tissue was tightly structured and cells were neatly arranged, and there were a rich cartilage matrix and dense collagen fibers. Type II collagen expression was significantly increased in the CBD-BMP-2 group. CBD-BMP-2 composite scaffold has excellent physicochemical properties and controlled-release functionality, providing superior repair effects for rabbit knee joint cartilage defects. Summary Cartilage injuries are difficult to treat due to limited self - healing capacity. Current treatments offer only temporary relief. The CBD - BMP - 2 slow - release composite scaffold combines the ability of BMP - 2 to promote cartilage regeneration with the collagen - binding property of CBD. Our study shows it has excellent mechanical properties and controlled - release functionality, providing superior repair for rabbit knee cartilage defects, offering a novel solution for cartilage injury repair.
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