Icaridin-Grafted Alginate Derivatives Based Polypropylene Non-Woven Fabric Composites for High-Efficiency Mosquito Repellence

Mosquitos are regarded as the deadliest animals in the world. Statistics show that they cause more harm to humans every year than all other animals combined, but only limited studies have been conducted on the modification for application in mosquito-repellent textiles up to now. To address the issues of low efficiency and high volatility caused by directly spraying mainstream commercial mosquito repellents on clothing and skin, a novel green synthetic route was proposed to graft icaridin onto modified alginate successfully in this study. FT-IR, XPS, MALDI-TOF MS, EA, and 13 C NMR confirm the successful grafting of icaridin onto the alginate backbone; then, the icaridin-grafted alginate derivatives with mosquito repellent properties were firmly loaded onto pp. nonwoven fabrics by Ca 2+ cross-linking for the first time, and the nonwovens obtained by this innovative method reached an 86.2% mosquito repellency rate. Additionally, through systematic exploration of the optimal mosquito-repellent ratio and coating thickness, we have developed a composite textile that efficiently repels mosquitoes, achieving a balance between air permeability (1982 mm/s) and moisture permeability (5376.678 g/m 2 ·24 h) while exhibiting excellent durability.