Amino-functionalized MOF (IRMOF-3)-modified Galdieria sulfuraria: a high-efficiency composite adsorbent for uranyl ion capture in aqueous solutions

The zinc-based metal–organic framework (IRMOF-3) was assembled on the surface of Galdieria sulfuraria (Gs) via a one-pot method to fabricate the composite adsorbent Gs/IRMOF-3. Results show that the material achieves optimal adsorption performance at pH = 6. The adsorption process follows the Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, demonstrating that it is dominated by multi-molecular layer chemical adsorption and represents a spontaneous endothermic process. This study provides a novel strategy for developing efficient and eco-friendly uranyl adsorption materials.