Constructing rice grain–dotted accordion-like TB–COF@NH₂–MXene to promote the simultaneous efficient elimination and sensitive detection of benzophenones

The excessive accumulation of benzophenone (BP) endocrine disruptors highlights the need to develop novel materials capable of efficient removal and precise, simultaneous monitoring of multiple BPs. Based on the characteristics of BPs, an accordion-like NH 2 –MXene-based composite material with rice grain–like 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)-benzene-1,3,5-benzenetricarbaldehyde covalent organic frameworks (TB–COF) on its surface after modification (TB–COF@NH 2 –MXene) was developed. The obtained TB–COF@NH 2 –MXene exhibited rich functional groups, an appropriate pore structure and suitable surface properties. Moreover, it exhibited a high saturation adsorption capacity (292.47–316.23 mg g −1 ), rapid kinetics (25 min) and excellent dynamic adsorption ability (1359–2548 BV). It demonstrated good selectivity and an excellent ability to capture BPs at low concentrations. Notably, dispersive solid-phase extraction based on TB–COF@NH 2 –MXene in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector enabled the simultaneous detection of trace BPs in river water, cookies, vermicelli, milk, coffee, tea and infant formula samples. This study provided practical guidance on environmental and food safety solutions.