Poly(4-hydroxybutyrate)/polyglycolic acid blend membrane loading sodium diclofenac for multi-modal synergistic prevention of abdominal adhesion

The use of physical barriers is an effective strategy for preventing postoperative adhesion, a prevalent complication in clinical abdominal surgeries. However, the current anti-adhesion barriers face limitations in precisely regulating key cellular responses during tissue repair. In this study, a multi-modal synergistic degradable anti-adhesion membrane was developed via coaxial electrospinning of poly(4-hydroxybutyrate) (P4HB), polyglycolic acid (PGA), and diclofenac sodium (DS). The designed membrane features a densely packed fibrous architecture, exhibiting over 97 % inhibition efficiency against fibroblasts interlayer penetration in vitro. The rapid initial release of DS synergizes with PGA-mediated biological functions to suppress fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation, and to significantly mitigate early-stage pathological changes. This cascade effect ultimately leads to reduced collagen deposition and significantly diminished adhesion formation, as demonstrated in a mouse cecal and peritoneal abrasion model. Furthermore, the membrane demonstrates exceptional flexibility and enhanced hydrophilicity, ensuring conformal coverage of complex three-dimensional wounds. The integration of structural design, controlled drug release, and dynamic biological modulation renders this multifunctional barrier as a promising candidate for next-generation clinical anti-adhesion applications.