Silk Fibroin Hydrospongel with Interconnected Porosity and Robust Adhesion for Rapid Hemostasis and Scarless Repair

Rapid hemorrhage control and effective tissue regeneration are essential for improving outcomes in trauma and surgical wound management. Adhesive hydrogels adapt to irregular wounds but lack sufficient interconnected macroporosity for effective cell infiltration and tissue remodeling. Herein, a macroporous silk fibroin methacryloyl (SilMA) hydrospongel was developed via a simple foaming strategy. The foamed hydrospongel exhibits gel-like behavior before cross-linking and can be further stabilized through in situ photo-cross-linking. The SilMA hydrospongel achieves rapid hemostasis by absorbing blood and enhancing platelet aggregation and clot formation. Beyond hemostatic performance, its interconnected porous structure facilitates cellular infiltration and supports tissue integration, while its conformability and adhesion ensure seamless conformity to irregular wounds. Furthermore, the hydrospongel reduces fibrosis and scar formation in cutaneous and cardiac wounds by modulating the immune microenvironment. Collectively, this study demonstrates the translational potential of the hydrospongel as a multifunctional system for hemostasis, tissue regeneration, and drug delivery.