Liquid–solid–solution synthesis of ultrafine Gd2Zr2O7 nanoparticles with yield enhancement

A modified l iquid–solid–solution (LSS) phase transfer method has been applied to synthesize Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 binary oxide nanoparticles . X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were employed to reveal the structural, morphological and energetic evolutions of both precursors and Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 nanoparticle products. The Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 nanoparticles synthesized using this method exhibit an average crystallite size of 1.7 nm, which have great potential to be applied in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and nuclear waste immobilizations. Moreover, the method we developed in this study has a high Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 nanoparticle yield of up to 89%.