Titanium-based hollow silica nanocarrier doped hydrogel for ultraviolet assisted removal of diclofenac sodium

In this study, the coagulant was prepared by grafting polydopamine onto chitosan hydrogel which was doped with hollow silica nanoparticles loaded with permanganate and then was coated on the surface of the titanium tablet to realize simultaneous coagulation and degradation of diclofenac sodium (DCFS) combined with UV irradiation. The coagulation kinetics were simulated well with Pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order models compared with Weber-Morris model, inferring the cooperation of chemical and physical processes. The outcomes of isotherm trials were fitted well with Langmuir model except for that at 303.15 K, which was described both well with Langmuir and Tëмкин models, implying monolayer and unsaturated coagulation of DCFS. It was degraded at the copresence of ultraviolet and permanganate released from coagulant in acidic aqueous medium. Hydroxyl and Mn(V) radicals played an important role in DCFS degradation process. Additionally, the coagulant was used directly for DCFS removal for ten times without rinse process, which provided a potential application in environmental remediation.